Internet A Powerful Resource For Web Users Everywhere

Introduction to Online Anonymity Anonymity is a powerful resource for web-users everywhere. It is how content creators learn to make top quality content. It can be a way to confess your feelings for someone-without actually telling them. You can share secrets and not be ashamed. When it is used as a platform of limitless self-expression – it is truly a good thing. The internet is home for many of us. Just about every single American person accesses the internet in some form. One of the largest uses is social media. Social media is where people use the factor of anonymity to express themselves. With so many users online, there is a likelihood that one may be confronted by someone known as an â€Å"internet troll†. These users use anonymity†¦show more content†¦With an increasingly conservative society all across the globe, many people feel as if they are not able to express their opinions. And, in some cases, it can even be dangerous to make their thoughts and opinions known. Online anonymity is essentially a gate way for people to avoid shame and harassment for their personal beliefs and values. It is good for people to come out and express their controversial or radical beliefs so that they are better able to understand how others react to it (Rigby). Say, a person believed that all dogs should be made into hamburgers instead of pets. And, this person shares this thought on an online forum –they could be exposed to someone who can explain to them how much dogs matter to some people; that dogs are friends not food. Of course, in a more realistic sens e this hypothetical online exchange could be about something that really matters in the world. The point is clear – anonymity is an absolute sure-fire way for the freedom of expression to be properly executed (Rigby). Having the freedom to express oneself is so important to the wellbeing of all humans. Expressive writing is one of the most efficient ways for humans to work through their most intense emotions—like anger. Expressing the emotions that cause us the most distress has a great ability to positively affect one’s mental health (McGreal). Freedom of Speech People should beShow MoreRelatedA Project On Capstone Project1039 Words   |  5 Pagesand security policy settings. Now what are security policies? Security policy settings in Microsoft could be used as part of all of our security implementation to make sure and to secure domain controllers, servers, client computers, and other resources in the whole computer world. One of the security applications in Microsoft is security compliance manager what is that? 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The History Of Marketing Marketing - 1783 Words

The History of Marketing Marketing appeared with the first human beings, a good example for that Eve’s trial to convince Adam to eat the forbidden apple (Kotler marketing Group, 2015). Since ancient times, people were meeting together at a specific time in a specific market which was known by everyone to complete the bartering process where they exchange the agriculture and craft products, they were producing. With the advent of cash, the bartering process has stopped and turned into a sale and purchase by the currency power. It is clear that the concept of marketing in this era was limited to a simple process of sale and purchase of the product between the seller and the buyer in specific market, and this has continued until the trade†¦show more content†¦According to Stanton â€Å"1984† marketing â€Å"1984† as a total system of business activities designed to plan, price, promote, and distribute want satisfying goods and services to present and potential customers. Marketing is the development and efficient distribution of goods, services, ideas, issues, and concepts for chosen consumer segments (Kurtz Boone, 1984) Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and organizations obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging value with others. (Kotler Armstrong, 2012) The American marketing association defined it as the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. According to The Chartered Institute of Marketing in United Kingdom â€Å"2015† marketing is ‘The management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably P. Tailor of the www.learnmarketing.net see that: Marketing is not about providing products or services it is essentially about providing changing benefits to the changing needs and demands of the customers. To summarize the definitions of marketing,

Ghosts Essay Research Paper Ibsen Henrik A free essay sample

Ghosts Essay, Research Paper Ibsen, Henrik, A Doll House, from Four Major Plaies: Volume 1, Penguin Books, New York, 1992 translated by Rolf Fjelde, Ibsen? s Use of the? Masquerade Ball? Theme in A Doll House In A Doll House, Ibsen presents us with Torvald and Nora Helmer, a hubby and married woman who have lived together for eight old ages and still wear? Ts know each other. This rift in their relationship, caused in portion by Torvald? s and Nora? s societally-induced gender functions and besides by the naivety of both parties to the fact that they wear? t genuinely love one another, expands to a chasm by the terminal of the drama, finally doing Nora to go forth Helmer. Throughout most of the drama, Ibsen continually has his characters prepare for a mask ball which takes topographic point at their friends? house. We are foremost introduced to the ball in Act Two. ? # 8230 ; [ T ] here? s traveling to be a costume party tomorrow eventide at the Stenborgs? # 8230 ; Torvald wants me to travel as a Neapolitan provincial miss and dance the tarantella that I learned in Capri, ? 1 Nora says in a conversation with her friend Mrs. Linde. Ibsen has embedded rather a spot in these few lines. First of wholly, the whole? dress up? subject is a metaphor for the? costumes? and? masks? that both Nora and Torvald wear in their mundane lives, doing it dry that Nora would necessitate to dress up at all ; she is already in costume. Aside from the jobs in their matrimony, Ibsen has besides slyly revealed to us the substructure of the Helmer matrimony ; Nora does as Tovarld says. Nora is traveling as what Torvald wants and making what Torvald wants her to make. This point is further reinforced in the following two lines. In response to Mrs. Linde? s inquiry, ? # 8230 ; [ A ] rhenium you giving a whole public presentation? ? Nora answers, ? Torvald says yes, I should. ? 2 Again, Nora? s sentiment neer enters the image. Her life revolves around Torvald? s demands. In the same transition, Ibsen besides workss a spot of sarcasm. Sing Nora? s tattered and worn frock, Mrs. Linde comments, ? Oh we? ll hole that up in no clip. It? s nil more than the fixingss? they? re a spot loose here and at that place. Needle and weave? Good, now we have what we need. ? 3 Nothing could be farther from the truth. Nora? s frock is a metaphor for the frontage which Nora imposes upon herself every twenty-four hours, which is literally falling apart at the seams. Something every bit simple as a needle and yarn can non keep together that which is ready to split apart. Ibsen reveals Torvald? s attitude towards the affair subsequently, through Nora: ? # 8230 ; Torvald can? t stand all this snippet and stitch ing. ? 4 Read metaphorically, one can reason that Torvald would instead non hold to see, or worry about, things which are traveling incorrect with his matrimony. In readying for Nora? s dance at the party, we once more see Ibsen demoing us Torvald? s and Nora? s functions. ? I can? t get anyplace humor hout your aid. ? 5? Direct me. Teach me, the manner you ever have. ? 6 Nora? s lines reflect the? costume? that Torvald expects her to have on ( and which she wears accommodatingly ) , that of the meek, subservient, childly married woman. After the mask ball, the costume is eventually described as being Italian and is accompanied by a black shawl ( easy associated with decease due to the colour ) . While Torvald is demoing her off to Mrs. Linde, he eventually admits, although he isn? t wholly cognizant of it at the clip, that he sees Nora for who he wants her to be, and non for whom she genuinely is. ? A dream of comeliness, isn? t she? ? 7 Ibsen? s usage of the word? dream? literally spells it out for the reader. Torvald doesn? t love Nora ; he loves a fantasy adult female whose lone resemblance to Nora is in physical features entirely. This is once more pointed out on the undermentioned page when Torvald refers to Nora as a? beautiful vision. ? 8 Again, he is in love with a adult female who doesn? t exist. At last Ibsen has Torvald admit that he genuinely doesn # 8217 ; t cognize Nora. ? And so when we leave and I place the shawl over those all right immature rounded shoulders? over that fantastic curved neck? so I pretend that you? re my immature bride, that we? re merely coming home from the nuptials, that for the first clip I? m entirely with you # 8230 ; ? 9 Not merely does Ibsen once more use the impression that Torvald 46 ; s position of Nora is based in phantasy ( Tovarld? make-believes? ) , but he besides shows that there has been a deficiency of growing in the relationship ; Torvald admires her for who he thought she was on the dark of their nuptials and is unable to hold romantic ideas about the adult female whom he has lived with for eight old ages! To him, she is the same individual, and here Ibsen genuinely shows the reader that Torvald does non, in any manner, cognize his married woman. Ibsen brings a stopping point to the? costume metaphor? at the flood tide of the drama, after Torvald has exploded at Nora. She retreats to her room and subsequently comes out, holding changed her frock. Not merely has she changed her frock in the actual sense, in that she is now have oning different vesture, but on a metaphorical degree, she has removed the? costume? which she has been dressed in as a consequence of inexplicit social force per unit area and her ain unknowingness of the state of affairs. The usage of costumes and the mask ball work good in this drama to ill ustrate points about the Helmer family, every bit good as society? s position towards adult females in Ibsen? s clip. With his effectual usage of the mask ball and the fortunes environing it, Ibsen creates non merely Nora and Torvald ; he creates the devastation of their matrimony, every bit good. 1 Ibsen, pg. 74 2 Ibid, pg. 74 3 Ibid. pg. 74 4 Ibid, pg. 76 5 Ibid. pg. 91 6 Ibid. pg. 91 7 Ibid. pg. 98 8 Ibid. pg. 99 9 Ibid. pg. 101

Taxation and Law Cases Absolute Ordinary Income

Question: Discuss about the Taxation and Law Cases for Absolute Ordinary Income. Answer: 1: Basic Introduction: Peta after making sales of refurbished old two numbers of tennis courts received $ 600,000. This receipt is very much an ordinary income in absolute nature as per section 6-5. The property or the house was purchased before two years by Peta with an intention of residing with family and to make alterations in the old adjoining tennis courts to sale them with profit to recover the cost of purchasing the house and cost involved for refurbishing the old tennis courts. The transaction although appears to be capital in nature but in reality it is an ordinary income only (Government, 2015). The income received from an ordinary source is called an ordinary income and will be assessed under section 6-5 of Income Tax Assessment Act, 1997. Section 10-5, if explained properly, we will understand this more. Any income coming to any Australian citizen from any ordinary source should be treated as ordinary income for Income Tax Assessment. The property was purchased by Peta before two years which is 12 months old. It is usually to be treated as Capital gains as being a capital asset under Income Tax Assessment Act, 1997. Peta will thus be entitled to get a discount of 50% on gain for selling capital assets after selling the refurbished tennis courts. A reference to this can be made by mentioning the case of Harris (1904) vs. California Copper Syndicate (Reduced and Limited) 5 TC 159 (Legislation, 2016). The basic target of Peta, the taxpayer was to sale the tennis courts after repair and refurbishment with an intention to make profit. Due to this the income will be treated as business income. Ordinary Income Theory: The nature of income can be better understood with the help of certain case studies. Any receipt cannot be an income but where there is a stage of periodicity, regularity and recurrence then it can be called an income. To determine an income as business income there is specific method to do it. The owner of a land treated a land in different manner or like object for sale although it is of different nature as per the case under High Court. Under section 6-5 of ITAA, 1997 the companys income was charged by High Court and Income Tax Assessor as ordinary income as the land was treated as object and was intended to be sold to make profit and just not business (Austlii, 2016). The importance finding ordinary income needed because-- Any money receipt generated from a business is not considered as business income. Profit is the product of the business, and the business income can be considered by the receipt of profit. The receipt and the product of the business must have a relation. If any isolated or one-off transaction generated profit it is to be considered as ordinary income if the profit or the gain from extraordinary transaction in course of the business. Substantial Case Laws: The judgment of FCT v Montgomery says If a profit or gain from such a transaction is treated as ordinary income, it would obviously involve only a net amount being income. The following cases will give an idea about ordinary income when a plan is made to subdivide land to make buildings on it. The party Moana Sand Pty Ltd purchased huge land areas for selling sand out of it and when the sand was exhausted then the land was subdivided and sold, the Commissioner said that the company is making huge profits out of this land sales. The ruling was not right but the company accepted this ruling. The case here is Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T 88 ATC 4897. The party Casimaty as per the case of Casimaty v FC of T97 ATC 5135 was in the business of dairy production and some cropping activities. Due to old age he became very weak and was unable to continue business anymore as it went to huge loss.He planned to sell the land into eight subdivisions to make the loss right. He was charged by The Commissioner for selling land to make profit and purpose of land development was to make profits only. The owner on Appeal got relief from this judgement as the land sale was made with no intention to land development but to meet emergency only (Austlii, 2016). The company Statham Anor as per the case of Statham Anor v FC purchased and developed land for 105 lots in four different phases with an intention to make profit (Ato, 2016). The ATO pointed out the following from the case The land or propertys purpose of purchase changes. Any business to have a printed letterhead, office premises and its manager. Addition to the existing land with new purchases. Planning for existing land subdivision. Business accounts including such lands. Expense treatment or not of any interest on borrowed money to purchase such land. The existing land is subdivided for making a building on it (Austlii, 2016). 2: Taxation Laws A: The Fringe Benefit Tax or FBT is a very unique type of taxation element which is to be paid by the employer only having a special purpose and intention of benefiting all the employees with a purpose of encouragement to the employees for taking the business as their own and act accordingly. It is exclusively done or paid by the employer to say his employees that he cares for them so much that he can pay for their benefits also. The employees get a great moral boosting after they get these FBT rewards from their employer. They try to give their more than expected contribution to make the business grow, prosper and develop into a new horizon (Ato, 2016). There are innumerable types of FBTs which are used in a business and they may vary from business to business. These are of different types and are related to employees who are needed to be given these benefits for making them more responsible and useful. The payment of the FBT is generally made by the employer related to the specific employee and is of different as they vary due to usage and leverage from employees needed (Ato, 2016). There are thirteen types Fringe Benefit available for employees. These are follows-- Fringe benefit of Property. Fringe benefit of Car Parking. Fringe benefit of Housing. Fringe benefit of Board. Fringe benefit of Tax-exempt body entertainment. Fringe benefit of Entertainment. Fringe benefit of Airline transport. Fringe benefit for Cars. Fringe benefit for Waiver of debt. Fringe benefit of Loan. Fringe benefit of Expense payment. Fringe benefit of Living away from home allowance. Fringe benefit of Residual. But we must also mention here that there are a few exemptions for employer from fringe benefit for public benevolent organisations, religious institutions, etc. ABCs FBT will be same for both the case where it has given entertainment for 20 employees or for 5 employees. ABCs FBT can be reduced substantially by making the reimbursement to its employees instead of making the payment by them directly. Payment through reimbursement will be indirect hence would get relief from FBT because FBT is related to only direct payment for employee entertainment or benefit (Ato, 2016). The mobile phone worth $ 2,000 give to Alan should have done by indirect manner than directly to avoid FBT. Alan could have been given an advance and he on prior sanction and advice of the management would buy the item and submit the bill to get the advance adjusted thus making the FBT like an expense. In the same manner the amount of $ 20,000 for childrens tuition fees could have been paid to Alan. This could have been directly included in the salary of Alan and he would pay it directly thus saving ABC from making FBT payment unnecessarily. ABC can ask the employees to make contributions towards a fund for replacing FBT by ABC and for the purpose of using such fund for employees entertainment related FBT and thus by doing this the FBT can be avoided in straight manner by company. ABC purchased mobile phone inclusive of GST and food for employees for entertainment also inclusive of GST. For both the cases ABC will get GST relief as they are already paid and will be treated as INPUT GST (Ato, 2016). The following is the FBT calculation Alan is employed for two years duration by ABC and ABC have provided Alan with benefits as detailed below Tuition fees for Employees ChildrenTaxable. Food as a part of Employees EntertainmentTaxable. Employer provided Mobile phoneif work related the exempted. Employer provided Mobile Bill for its usage-- if work related the exempted. The calculation of fringe benefit tax: Total Fringe benefit: Entertainment by food--- $ 6,600 (No Credit of GST) Childrens tuition fees--$ 20,000 (No credit of GST) Total $ 26,600 Type 1: GST cannot be claimed for lower gross-up rate. Year Ending 31 March 2016 and 31 March 2017. FBT outcome--49% 1.9608 Type 2: GST can claim as it has entitlement for higher gross-up rate. Year Ending 31 March 2016 and 31 March 2017. FBT outcome--49% 2.1463 Tuition fees for Alans Childrens--$20,000 x 1.9608 = $39216 x 49% = $19215.84 (FBT) Food used for Entertainment-- $330 x 2.1463 = $708.279 x 49% = $ 347.05671. B: If the entertainment is done with only 5 employees, then every block of 5 employees, will be used to find out the entire dinner cost after division. The following FBT has to be paid; Type 1: GST cannot be claimed for lower gross-up rate. Year Ending 31 March 2016 and 31 March 2017. FBT outcome--49% 1.9608 Type 2: GST can claim as it has entitlement for higher gross-up rate. Year Ending 31 March 2016 and 31 March 2017. FBT outcome--49% 2.1463 Food used for Entertainment--$1320 x 2.1463 = $2833.116 x 49% = $ 1388.22684 (FBT) C: Business promotions have different ways for each business. One of it is taking the client to have entertainment by way of food and drinks. Hence in such case FBT would never be applied. References: Ato. (2016). ATO Interpretative Decision. Retrieved 09 16, 2016, from law.ato.gov.au: https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?docid=AID/AID2002483/00001 Ato. (2016). FBT exemptions and concessions. Retrieved 09 10, 2016, from www.ato.gov.au: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/fbt-exemptions-and-concessions/ Ato. (2016). Fringe benefits tax rates and thresholds. Retrieved 09 13, 2016, from www.ato.gov.au: https://www.ato.gov.au/Rates/FBT/ Ato. (2016). How to calculate your FBT. Retrieved 09 15, 2016, from www.ato.gov.au: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Fringe-benefits-tax-(FBT)/How-to-calculate-your-FBT/ Ato. (2016). Reduction in taxable value where interest would have been deductible to employee. Retrieved 09 13, 2016, from www.ato.gov.au: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/In-detail/Employers-guide/Loan-and-debt-waiver-fringe-benefits/?page=8#8_8_Reduction_in_taxable_value_where_interest_would_have_been_deductible_to_employee Ato. (2016). Taxation Ruling; whether profits on isolated transactions are income. Retrieved 08 30, 2016, from law.ato.gov.au: https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?DocID=TXR/TR923/NAT/ATO/00001 Ato. (2016). Work-related items exempt from FBT. Retrieved 09 15, 2016, from www.ato.gov.au: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/do-you-need-to-pay-fbt-/work-related-items-exempt-from-fbt/ Austlii. (2016). INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT ACT 1936 - SECT 148. Retrieved 09 13, 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1936240/s148.html Austlii. (2016). INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT ACT 1936 - SECT 78A. Retrieved 09 21, 2015, from www.austlii.edu.au: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1936240/s78a.html Austlii. (2016). INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT ACT 1997 - SECT 6.5. Retrieved 09 16, 2016, from www.austlii.edu.au: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1997240/s6.5.html Government, A. (2015). Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 . Retrieved 09 18, 2015, from https://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/C2013C00082 Legislation. (2016, 09 16). Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. Retrieved 09 16, 2016, from www.legislation.gov.au: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00082